About chikungunya

Chikungunya is a viral infection caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) that is primarily transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes. The two species of mosquitoes most commonly associated with the transmission of Chikungunya virus are Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus.

Key features of Chikungunya include:

1. Symptoms: The symptoms of Chikungunya typically include fever, severe joint pain, muscle pain, headache, nausea, fatigue, and rash. Joint pain is a distinguishing characteristic of Chikungunya and can be debilitating. The symptoms usually begin 3 to 7 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito.

2. Transmission: Chikungunya virus is primarily transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes, particularly the Aedes species. These mosquitoes are active during the day, increasing the risk of exposure.

3. Geographic Distribution: Chikungunya is found in many parts of Africa, Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. In recent years, it has also spread to the Americas, including the Caribbean and parts of the United States. Travelers to regions where the virus is prevalent may be at risk of infection.

4. Prevention: There is no specific antiviral treatment for Chikungunya, so prevention is crucial. Measures to reduce the risk of infection include using insect repellent, wearing long sleeves and pants, and using mosquito nets or screens. Mosquito control programs are also essential in areas where the virus is endemic.

5. Outbreaks: Chikungunya outbreaks can occur in areas where the virus is present, especially if conditions favor the proliferation of the Aedes mosquitoes. During outbreaks, public health measures focus on mosquito control and raising awareness about personal protective measures.

6. Chronic Symptoms: While Chikungunya is typically an acute illness, some individuals may experience persistent joint pain and other symptoms for months or even years, a condition referred to as chronic Chikungunya arthritis.

Chikungunya is considered a significant public health concern due to its potential for causing outbreaks, its impact on affected individuals' quality of life, and the challenges associated with mosquito control. Efforts to control the spread of Chikungunya focus on both preventing mosquito bites and controlling mosquito populations in affected areas.

About the chikungunya vaccine

In the U.S., Valneva's IXCHIQ® is a live-attenuated vaccine indicated for the prevention of disease caused by chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in individuals 18 years of age and older who are at increased risk of exposure to CHIKV. As for all products approved under FDA’s accelerated approval pathway, continued approval for this indication is contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in confirmatory studies.